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													Pile Driving
 
 
												| More than 1200 acres of swampland
            was covered with fill to create Flushing Meadow Park in the mid-1930s.
            Piles (huge wooden timbers) had to be driven into the soil to
            support millions of tons of steel and concrete used in the construction
            of the Fair's pavilions. The ground beneath the Fair could not
            support many of the structures without the aid of these piles.
            The soil conditions at Flushing Meadow were so poor in some places
            that the piles would simply disappear beneath the Meadow while
            being driven! The area around the Pool of Industry was one such
            area while, closer to the Theme Center, the ground was more solid.
            Some 400 piles were driven to support the Federal Pavilion alone,
            a structure that was intended to be a permanent construction.
            In the case of the New York State Pavilion, steel piles
            support the observation towers while wood piles support
            the Tent of Tomorrow and a concrete slab supports the Theaterama
            building. Why wood and not something more permanent? Since almost
            all of the structures were built to be temporary, including the
            New York State Pavilion, there was no need for the cost of installing
            permanent steel piles. Wood served the purpose nicely since it
            was relatively inexpensive and, over time, would simply rot away
            in the marshy soil. |  
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																	Oregon timbers for General Electric
  foundations before being driven.
															 
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																	Foundation work on the New York
  State Pavilion shows sunken piles.
															 
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																	Pile driving for Gas Incorporated
  foundations.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 6
																
																
																	September 12,
  1962
															 
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																	Concrete supporting pads cap deep-sunk
  timbers to make the substructure for the Eastman Kodak exhibit.
															 
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												Pile Driving
the Bell System Pavilion
											 
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														SOURCE: Bell System Promotional
              Film "A Ballad for the Fair"
														Presented Courtesy Mitch
              Dakelman and Ray Dashner Collection
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													Pool of Industry
 
 
												| One of the larger
            construction jobs at the Fair was the creation of the Pool of
            Industry. Until the 1964/1965 World's Fair, the Flushing River
            flowed through the park. The majority of it was diverted through
            buried conduits beneath the Meadow as a part of the construction
            of the 1964/1965 Fair. The "burying" of the Flushing
            River created nine more acres of exhibit space. Four wells, located
            near Meadow Lake, provided six million gallons of subterranean
            water augmenting the natural flow and maintaining clean water
            in the lake and the above-ground section of the Flushing River
            that still ran through the Fairgrounds.
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																	The basic shape of the pool is
  created from the oval pond that was the "Lagoon of Nations"
  for the 1939/1940 World's Fair.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 4
																
																
																	January 17, 1962
															 
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																	Preliminary work is completed
  and the Pool of Industry takes its final form. The remanents
  of the Flushing River can still be seen in this aerial view.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 5
																
																
																	May 17, 1962
															 
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																	Construction of the Fair and the
  Pool of Industry near completion. The intricate piping, lighting
  and fountain works of the Fountains of the Planets has been installed
  in this aerial view from late 1963.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 9
																
																
																	September 26,
  1963
															 
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														Early construction scene of the
  Industrial Area surrounding the Pool of Industry. Circular foundation
  takes shape for the Travelers' Insurance Pavilion while work
  begins on the Bell System Pavilion. Van Wyck Expressway construction
  can be seen in the background.
													
													
														 
													
													
														SOURCE: FAIR
  NEWS
													
													
														December 20,
  1962
												 
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													General Motors
 
 
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																	Aerial view of General Motors
  foundation work; pile driver is at center.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 6
																
																
																	September 12,
  1962
															 
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																	First steel goes into place in
  the construction of GM's rotunda structure which would house
  the "Avenue of Progress" and the "Product Plaza"
  exhibits.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: FAIR
  NEWS
																
																
																	December 20,
  1962
															 
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																	Steel framework in place. The
  GM Pavilion was the largest construction job at the Fair.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 8
																
																
																	April 22, 1963
															 
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																	The giant tail fin "canopy"
  of GM's pavilion is under construction while the rotunda is nearly
  completed. Note the "construction shack" to the left
  of the rotunda. It is so large it could be mistaken for a pavilion.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 9
																
																
																	September 26,
  1963
															 
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												|  Webmaster's note... Click
HERE to read about the design & construction
            of the Futurama ride! |  
									 
 
									 
											
												
													
													
														Central section of World's Fair
  showing construction of utilities and roads at the site of Unisphere
  and along the Main Mall to the Pool of Industry.
													
													
														 
													
													
														SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 4
													
													
														January 17, 1962
												 
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													Bell System
 
 
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																	The first section of steel is
  erected for the "floating wing" of the Bell System
  Pavilion.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 8
																
																
																	April 22, 1963
															 
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																	The steel skeleton of the wing
  waits to be covered with fiberglass panels. The steel "floating
  wing" was 400 feet long. Construction of the telecommunications
  tower is well underway.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 9
																
																
																	September 26,
  1963
															 
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																	Welder at work on the Bell Pavilion.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: Bell
  System Promotional Film "A Ballad for the Fair"
																
																
																	Presented Courtesy
  Mitch Dakelman and Ray Dashner Collection (unless otherwise noted)
															 
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																	Framed view of the Bell Floating
  Wing under construction.
															 
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																	Workers prepare to pour the concrete
  surface of the lower level of the Bell System pavilion.
															 
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																   |  |  Webmaster's note... Click
HERE to read more about the design &
            construction of the Bell System Pavilion! |  
									 
									 
									 
 
									 
											
												
													
													
														Construction Progress on the Industrial
  Area of the Fair. The Van Wyck Expressway extension construction
  winds past the Fair site.
													
													
														 
													
													
														SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 9
													
													
														September 26,
  1963
												 
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													Travelers Insurance
 
 
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																	Lower exhibit area will support
  the "umbrella" dome containing "The Triumph of
  Man" exhibit.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 8
																
																
																	April 22, 1963
															 
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																	Steel framework is covered over
  to take the shape of Travelers' "Red Umbrella of Protection."
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 9
																
																
																	September 26,
  1963
															 
															|  |  |  
												|  Webmaster's note... Click
HERE to
            read about the design & construction of the Travelers Pavilion! |  
									 
									 
											
													IBM
 
 
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																	IBM's ovoid theater, the "Information
  Machine," rises over the slanted supports that will also
  bear the "People Wall."
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 9
																
																
																	September 26,
  1963
															 
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																	A garden of steel "trees"
  rises around the IBM site.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: Courtesy
  Fred Stern Collection
															 
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														The Fair's main entrance under
  construction. Shea Stadium rises in the background.
													
													
														 
													
													
														SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 9
													
													
														September 26,
  1963
												 
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													Greyhound - Thailand - RCA - NCR
 
 
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																	Construction of the Greyhound
  Pavilion.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 9
																
																
																	September 26,
  1963
															 
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																	Intricate Temple structure of
  Thailand's pavilion.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: FAIR
  NEWS
																
																
																	January 22, 1964
															 
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																	The circular drums atop this construction
  make the RCA Pavilion unmistakable.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 9
																
																
																	September 26,
  1963
															 
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																	Steel support columns which will
  support the "space frame" roof and floors of the National
  Cash Register Pavilion.
																
																
																	 
																
																
																	SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 9
																
																
																	September 26,
  1963
															 
															|  |  |  
												|  Webmaster's note... Click
HERE to read about the design of the NCR
            Pavilion! |  
									 
 
									 
											
												
													
													
														The small square platforms of
  the New Jersey Pavilion are nearly complete in this aerial view.
  The only fatalities to occur during the construction of the Fair
  took place when a number of the steel support booms that suspended
  the "pyramid tops" of the New Jersey pavilion collapsed
  killing three workmen.
													
													
														 
													
													
														SOURCE: NY World's
  Fair Progress Report No. 9
													
													
														September 26,
  1963
												 
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													Builders of the Fair
 
 
												| 
														DESIGNERS
														.....The Corporation has supplied
              a framework for the Fair ... the exhibit designers are supplying,
              above all else, variety -- from a Thai temple to a floating steel
              and concrete slab. Structures are being conceived as architecture,
              as stage sets and as corporate symbols.
														.....The architect today has
              readily available material only hinted at in the Fair of 1939-1940.
              He has new methods of construction at his command. He has clients
              from all over the world, each intent upon telling his story in
              a dramatic way, not buried in an overall pattern of architectural
              monotony.
														.....The architects and designers
              study the problems and prepare plans, renderings and models for
              presentation of clients. They ask and need the help of daring
              engineering, down-to-earth mechanical detailing and the planning
              of landscape architects. Their ideas eventually become working
              drawings, a sheet of glass shown as two thin lines on a blueprint.
														.....Always in mind is the
              estimated cost of construction, in order to make as much structure
              as possible relatively maintenance free for two years. They must
              meet the Fair codes for safety and health. They must also always
              remember that the deathless works of art will go into a scrap
              heap after 1965. With luck they may go into the photographic
              records of the architectural historians of the future.
														.....With drawings completed and contracts
              let, the designer's final task is day-by-day inspection of construction.
														 
														CONTRACTORS
														.....Many of the organizations that have been
              directing New York's multibillion dollar building boom of recent
              years are at work at the Fair.
														.....The contractor's job is complicated.
              He analyzes the plans, prepares the bills-of-materials and coordinates
              deliveries. He stakes out the site, prepares foundations and
              sees to the proper erection of the superstructure, which may
              have a complicated free-form roof or a simple canvas cover.
														.....The contractor supplies the major equipment
              required by the building trades. More powerful bulldozers, cranes
              and machinery along with specialized tools have increased efficiency
              of construction.
														.....From the architect's plans the contractor
              prepares a schedule for the building trades required at each
              stage of construction. The estimates are discussed with the local
              labor representatives at the Fair site and plans are made to
              assure completion on time.
														 
														SOURCE: NY World's Fair
Progress Report No. 9 September
              26, 1963
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